Men suffer from cystitis relatively rarely compared to women.The risk of disease among the stronger sex increases significantly with age.The disease manifests itself in the form of frequent urination, accompanied by discomfort: burning, pain in the lower abdomen.Urine may contain mucus or blood.Often the urge to urinate bothers you at night while you sleep.The cause of such sensations is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder.Despite the fact that the structure of the male urethra greatly complicates the penetration of an infection into the bladder, we must not forget about preventive measures.
Causes of cystitis in men
The main cause of cystitis in men is the presence of infectious diseases of the urogenital area, both acute and chronic, in which the infection can penetrate the bladder.We are talking not only about sexually transmitted diseases, but also about banal prostatitis or orchitis.In some cases, the infection can enter the bladder from distant sources - for example, with tuberculosis, tonsillitis, sinusitis.
In addition, non-infectious factors can also cause cystitis, for example, the presence of stones in the bladder, traumatic injuries, medical procedures (placement of a urinary catheter).In some cases, cystitis can develop as a result of oncological processes in the male urogenital area.A weakened immune system caused by taking hormonal drugs and some other drugs or HIV infection is also a predisposing factor.A significant predisposing factor may be the anatomical features of the urethra, for example, its narrowing and the associated stagnation of urine in the bladder.Thus, cystitis in men can almost always be considered a secondary disease arising from other diseases of the genitourinary system.
Other prerequisites cannot be ruled out: stress, improper nutrition, regular violation of hygiene standards, hypothermia, bad habits, especially alcohol intake, can significantly contribute to the development of cystitis in men.
Signs, symptoms and forms of cystitis
The most striking symptom of cystitis is the frequent urge to urinate.There may be very little urine, only 15 ml.Urinary incontinence or, on the contrary, difficult urination may also occur.Pain during urination usually occurs towards the end of the urination process;their appearance is due to the fact that when emptying the bladder, its walls shrink and touch each other, which, in the presence of inflammation, is accompanied by pain.Often men are worried about pain in the penis, groin and suprapubic area.Signs of intoxication may appear: fever, weakness, chills, headache, nausea, loss of appetite.As the disease progresses, cystitis can take on a hemorrhagic form.Urine becomes cloudy, blood appears in it, pieces of exfoliated mucous membrane of the bladder appear, acquires an unpleasant rotten smell.The volume of urine per day in such cases does not exceed 400 ml.
In the chronic form of the disease, the pain is not so intense, and the frequency of urination is low.There is no blood in the urine, but there may be mucus.Chronic cystitis in men varies in waves: periods of exacerbation alternate with remission.
Diagnosis of the disease
Diagnosing cystitis in a man involves conducting a number of tests.First of all, a general urine analysis is performed to determine its composition, reaction (the acidic reaction of urine indicates the presence of inflammation) and the presence of impurities.A urine culture is done, which allows you to identify the pathogen and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics.After that, ultrasound examinations of the bladder, kidneys and prostate are usually done.If necessary, cystography and computer tomography are performed.
During the examination of the patient, bladder stones, malignant and benign formations can be identified, in which case the examination program should be supplemented with a biopsy of the bladder mucosa.
Treatment of male cystitis
At the first symptoms of cystitis, you should visit a specialist - a urologist.If the presence of cystitis in a man is confirmed, treatment is prescribed: antibiotics, herbal medicines and physiotherapy.
Medicines and recipes for cystitis
The acute form of cystitis requires urgent treatment;if symptoms are severe or complications occur, you will need to be treated in hospital.Severe pain that does not stop when taking painkillers, urinary retention and the appearance of blood in the urine are indications for hospitalization.Bed rest is recommended.How to treat cystitis in men depends on the form and course of the disease.If you have a fever, antipyretics and plenty of fluids (more than 2 liters per day) are prescribed.A diet for cystitis in men requires the absence of salty, spicy foods;its observance is mandatory - only in this case we can hope for a quick cure of the disease.Antimicrobial agents - antibiotics for cystitis in men are prescribed after bacterial culture of urine and determination of the response of pathogens to the main antibacterial drugs.The most common drugs for cystitis in men are fluoroquinolones;nitrofurans (furadonin), cephalosporins.All antibiotics for cystitis are used only according to a doctor's prescription, and it is important to follow the recommended dose of the drug and the duration of the course of treatment.
Herbal medicine - herbal medicine
Medicinal plants have an analgesic and antispasmodic effect, destroy the infection and help improve immunity.Herbal teas must be included in the treatment of cystitis.These are diuretic and anti-inflammatory herbal formulations: gooseberry, lingonberry leaves, horsetail.Treatment of cystitis in men with folk remedies is prescribed in the absence of allergies to any herbs.Folk remedies help prevent the disease from becoming chronic.Taking pumpkin seeds for cystitis gives good results.Vitamin-rich cranberry fruit drinks are helpful for cystitis.and cranberries.
There are also medicines for the treatment of cystitis in men based on phytocomponents.For example, tablets with cranberry extract, which are prescribed after a course of antibiotics to consolidate the therapeutic effect.There are other medicines with plant components that complement the main therapy.
Plants and herbs that help with cystitis.
Oatmeal, unbleached.Pour 1 part grains with two parts water.The mixture is heated in a water bath and then boiled.There should be 1/2 volume left.Add honey, 2 tablespoons and continue to simmer for another 5 minutes.Take 1/2 cup 3 times a day.
St. John's wort, crushed herb.1 tablespoon of raw material, poured with a glass of boiling water, is boiled for a quarter of an hour.Soak for another hour and then drink a quarter cup three times a day.
Blueberry leaves, 1 tablespoon per glass of water, simmer over low heat for 15 minutes from the time of boiling.A glass of decoction should be drunk in small portions a day.
The herb echinacea is used against viruses, inflammation and to strengthen the immune system.It is especially useful to take if cystitis is detected at the same time as prostatitis or other inflammations of the genitourinary region.Take 200 ml of boiling water per teaspoon of herb and insist for three hours.Drink 1/2 cup of infusion after sleep and before going to bed.
Cystitis, which occurs with simultaneous impairment of liver function, is treated with a mixture of oats and calendula (marigold).Half fill the oatmeal pan completely with water.Boil for half an hour, add marigold flowers, 1 handful.Leave overnight and then strain the liquid through cheesecloth.Drink the decoction slightly warmed, up to a liter and a half a day for two weeks.
Pain relievers and other medications
Tablets from cystitis for men, which have an analgesic effect, are prescribed together with antibiotics.Pain can be relieved by antispasmodic drugs: papaverine, No-Shpa, diclofenac.Sometimes other drugs are needed depending on the nature of the infection.
Is cystitis transmitted from a woman to a man?The answer is clear: the causative agent of the bladder disease can enter the body through sexual intercourse.If such infections are found and are even the cause of the disease, specific schemes are applied.Concomitant diseases are often found: prostatitis, kidney diseases, etc.Therapy is prescribed for these diagnoses.In some cases, flushing of the bladder with disinfectants - antiseptics and blocking with novocaine is indicated.
Additional treatments
After relieving the acute symptoms of cystitis, in order to speed up the recovery, physiotherapeutic procedures are needed: electrophoresis, ultrasound treatment, magnetic laser therapy.Sanatorium treatment, water procedures, baths and healing mud have a great effect.
Home treatment of cystitis
Cystitis is not considered life-threatening, although it causes a lot of discomfort.How to quickly cure inflammation at home?Treatment of cystitis in men at home should begin with a visit to a general practitioner or urologist.General recommendations for treating cystitis at home are as follows:
- the acute period should be spent in bed;
- You should drink as much as possible, but avoid stimulant drinks: coffee, beer and tea should also not be abused.Fruit drinks from blueberries and blueberries will be very useful.They contain vitamins and antibacterial substances;
- in the presence of blood in the urine, decoctions of birch buds, oatmeal and nettles, pharmacy preparations are recommended;
- phytotablets and phytolysin paste are used according to a doctor's prescription;
- requires a diet without hot, spicy, salty foods rich in vitamins;
- Bath for cystitis is excluded;it is recommended to carry out hygienic procedures with warm water and mild detergents;
- Medicines are allowed to be taken only according to a doctor's prescription.
So, a diet of vegetables, fruits, dairy products rich in vitamins;Drinking vitamins, taking antibiotics, resting in bed relieve inflammation at home, but the treatment cannot be interrupted - you must complete the course of drugs and herbs prescribed by the doctor.
Additional recommendations
With cystitis, it is necessary to monitor the functioning of digestion so that constipation does not occur, which worsens the disease.A diet with vegetables and fruits against cystitis allows you to normalize intestinal function.But you can also include additional stimulants of the digestive tract, which have no contraindications.
Bladder inflammation can cause many problems and inconveniences if it is allowed to become chronic.The primary acute case of the disease is cured quite quickly, less than a week, if the whole set of measures is applied.The main thing is to consult a doctor on time and responsibly follow his instructions.Despite the fact that cases of the disease are rare in men, it is worth paying attention to the need for prevention: avoid hypothermia, do not develop diseases that can be complicated by cystitis, as well as observe hygienic measures and adhere to a healthy lifestyle.